不告不理原則
即告訴乃論之罪須經告訴人提出告訴國家方能追訴之原則,若告訴人(通常為被害人)未提起告訴,則檢察官亦不得主動發動偵查程序,因此稱為「不告不理原則」。但若屬於「非告訴乃論」之罪,則檢察官只要獲悉該犯罪事實,就應主動偵辦,而不需告訴人提出告訴,只要有人告發犯罪事實,檢察官就有權發動偵查權,介入案件調查與偵辦、起訴犯罪人。
無罪推定原則
在被告未經法院審判有罪以前,任何人都應被推定為無罪狀態。由於法律之前人人平等,因此任何人在經嚴格的調查與審判程序以前,都不應先被認定為有罪,嚴禁未審先判的陋習,這是近代保護人權的重要概念,尤其是近代媒體發達,常常為了搶新聞,率先報導「犯罪人」之「犯罪事實」,在未經審判程序以前,其實是違反「無罪推定原則」的,畢竟若當事人事後經審判為無罪,再多的更正啟事都彌補不了一次的錯誤報導的。
我好想你
回覆刪除父親節禮物
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